Add constraint for Logup claimed cumsum

[shaharsamocha7]

Add optional constraint for logup claimed sum
The constraint applies only in case that the claimed_sum is not the total sum
Uses for padding components with default rows

---

This change is 

[shaharsamocha7]

Warning

This pull request is not mergeable via GitHub because a downstack PR is open. Once all requirements are satisfied, merge this PR as a stack on Graphite.
Learn more

• State machine prover #845
• State machine AIR #841
• Add constraint for Logup claimed cumsum #830 👈
• Logup generator returns multiple prefix sums #829
• Logup - rename claimed_sum to total_sum #825
• Revert logup without is_first #818
• dev

This stack of pull requests is managed by Graphite. Learn more about stacking.

Join @shaharsamocha7 and the rest of your teammates on Graphite

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 92.78%. Comparing base (b3f754b) to head (62fbf19).

Additional details and impacted files

@@                                  Coverage Diff                                   @@
##           09-09-Logup_generator_returns_multiple_prefix_sums     #830      +/-   ##
======================================================================================
+ Coverage                                               92.71%   92.78%   +0.06%     
======================================================================================
  Files                                                      89       89              
  Lines                                                   12036    12050      +14     
  Branches                                                12036    12050      +14     
======================================================================================
+ Hits                                                    11159    11180      +21     
+ Misses                                                    770      763       -7     
  Partials                                                  107      107              

☔ View full report in Codecov by Sentry.
📢 Have feedback on the report? Share it here.

[andrewmilson]

Reviewable status: 0 of 6 files reviewed, 1 unresolved discussion (waiting on @Alon-Ti and @shaharsamocha7)

---

crates/prover/src/constraint_framework/logup.rs line 84 at r2 (raw file):

            Some((claimed_sum, claimed_row_index)) => {
                let [cur_cumsum, prev_row_cumsum, claimed_cumsum] = eval
                    .next_extension_interaction_mask(self.interaction, [0, -1, claimed_row_index]);

It's more efficient using is_first column and doing the constraint with cur_cumsum and a row selector