gh-104310: Add importlib.util.allowing_all_extensions() (gh-104311)

(I'll be adding docs for this separately.)

Lib/importlib/util.py

@@ -112,6 +112,43 @@ def find_spec(name, package=None):
             return spec
 
 
+# Normally we would use contextlib.contextmanager.  However, this module
+# is imported by runpy, which means we want to avoid any unnecessary
+# dependencies.  Thus we use a class.
+
+class allowing_all_extensions:
+    """A context manager that lets users skip the compatibility check.
+
+    Normally, extensions that do not support multiple interpreters
+    may not be imported in a subinterpreter.  That implies modules
+    that do not implement multi-phase init.
+
+    Likewise for modules import in a subinterpeter with its own GIL
+    when the extension does not support a per-interpreter GIL.  This
+    implies the module does not have a Py_mod_multiple_interpreters slot
+    set to Py_MOD_PER_INTERPRETER_GIL_SUPPORTED.
+
+    In both cases, this context manager may be used to temporarily
+    disable the check for compatible extension modules.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, disable_check=True):
+        self.disable_check = disable_check
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        self.old = _imp._override_multi_interp_extensions_check(self.override)
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, *args):
+        old = self.old
+        del self.old
+        _imp._override_multi_interp_extensions_check(old)
+
+    @property
+    def override(self):
+        return -1 if self.disable_check else 1
+
+
 class _LazyModule(types.ModuleType):
 
     """A subclass of the module type which triggers loading upon attribute access."""

Lib/test/support/import_helper.py

@@ -115,6 +115,8 @@ def multi_interp_extensions_check(enabled=True):
     It overrides the PyInterpreterConfig.check_multi_interp_extensions
     setting (see support.run_in_subinterp_with_config() and
     _xxsubinterpreters.create()).
+
+    Also see importlib.utils.allowing_all_extensions().
     """
     old = _imp._override_multi_interp_extensions_check(1 if enabled else -1)
     try:

Lib/test/test_importlib/test_util.py

@@ -8,14 +8,29 @@
 import importlib.util
 import os
 import pathlib
+import re
 import string
 import sys
 from test import support
+import textwrap
 import types
 import unittest
 import unittest.mock
 import warnings
 
+try:
+    import _testsinglephase
+except ImportError:
+    _testsinglephase = None
+try:
+    import _testmultiphase
+except ImportError:
+    _testmultiphase = None
+try:
+    import _xxsubinterpreters as _interpreters
+except ModuleNotFoundError:
+    _interpreters = None
+
 
 class DecodeSourceBytesTests:
 
@@ -637,5 +652,111 @@ def test_magic_number(self):
         self.assertEqual(EXPECTED_MAGIC_NUMBER, actual, msg)
 
 
+@unittest.skipIf(_interpreters is None, 'subinterpreters required')
+class AllowingAllExtensionsTests(unittest.TestCase):
+
+    ERROR = re.compile("^<class 'ImportError'>: module (.*) does not support loading in subinterpreters")
+
+    def run_with_own_gil(self, script):
+        interpid = _interpreters.create(isolated=True)
+        try:
+            _interpreters.run_string(interpid, script)
+        except _interpreters.RunFailedError as exc:
+            if m := self.ERROR.match(str(exc)):
+                modname, = m.groups()
+                raise ImportError(modname)
+
+    def run_with_shared_gil(self, script):
+        interpid = _interpreters.create(isolated=False)
+        try:
+            _interpreters.run_string(interpid, script)
+        except _interpreters.RunFailedError as exc:
+            if m := self.ERROR.match(str(exc)):
+                modname, = m.groups()
+                raise ImportError(modname)
+
+    @unittest.skipIf(_testsinglephase is None, "test requires _testsinglephase module")
+    def test_single_phase_init_module(self):
+        script = textwrap.dedent('''
+            import importlib.util
+            with importlib.util.allowing_all_extensions():
+                import _testsinglephase
+            ''')
+        with self.subTest('check disabled, shared GIL'):
+            self.run_with_shared_gil(script)
+        with self.subTest('check disabled, per-interpreter GIL'):
+            self.run_with_own_gil(script)
+
+        script = textwrap.dedent(f'''
+            import importlib.util
+            with importlib.util.allowing_all_extensions(False):
+                import _testsinglephase
+            ''')
+        with self.subTest('check enabled, shared GIL'):
+            with self.assertRaises(ImportError):
+                self.run_with_shared_gil(script)
+        with self.subTest('check enabled, per-interpreter GIL'):
+            with self.assertRaises(ImportError):
+                self.run_with_own_gil(script)
+
+    @unittest.skipIf(_testmultiphase is None, "test requires _testmultiphase module")
+    def test_incomplete_multi_phase_init_module(self):
+        prescript = textwrap.dedent(f'''
+            from importlib.util import spec_from_loader, module_from_spec
+            from importlib.machinery import ExtensionFileLoader
+
+            name = '_test_shared_gil_only'
+            filename = {_testmultiphase.__file__!r}
+            loader = ExtensionFileLoader(name, filename)
+            spec = spec_from_loader(name, loader)
+
+            ''')
+
+        script = prescript + textwrap.dedent('''
+            import importlib.util
+            with importlib.util.allowing_all_extensions():
+                module = module_from_spec(spec)
+                loader.exec_module(module)
+            ''')
+        with self.subTest('check disabled, shared GIL'):
+            self.run_with_shared_gil(script)
+        with self.subTest('check disabled, per-interpreter GIL'):
+            self.run_with_own_gil(script)
+
+        script = prescript + textwrap.dedent('''
+            import importlib.util
+            with importlib.util.allowing_all_extensions(False):
+                module = module_from_spec(spec)
+                loader.exec_module(module)
+            ''')
+        with self.subTest('check enabled, shared GIL'):
+            self.run_with_shared_gil(script)
+        with self.subTest('check enabled, per-interpreter GIL'):
+            with self.assertRaises(ImportError):
+                self.run_with_own_gil(script)
+
+    @unittest.skipIf(_testmultiphase is None, "test requires _testmultiphase module")
+    def test_complete_multi_phase_init_module(self):
+        script = textwrap.dedent('''
+            import importlib.util
+            with importlib.util.allowing_all_extensions():
+                import _testmultiphase
+            ''')
+        with self.subTest('check disabled, shared GIL'):
+            self.run_with_shared_gil(script)
+        with self.subTest('check disabled, per-interpreter GIL'):
+            self.run_with_own_gil(script)
+
+        script = textwrap.dedent(f'''
+            import importlib.util
+            with importlib.util.allowing_all_extensions(False):
+                import _testmultiphase
+            ''')
+        with self.subTest('check enabled, shared GIL'):
+            self.run_with_shared_gil(script)
+        with self.subTest('check enabled, per-interpreter GIL'):
+            self.run_with_own_gil(script)
+
+
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     unittest.main()

Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2023-05-08-15-50-59.gh-issue-104310.fXVSPY.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Users may now use ``importlib.util.allowing_all_extensions()`` (a context
+manager) to temporarily disable the strict compatibility checks for
+importing extension modules in subinterpreters.