Added full CMake build support and enabled CI

[xvitaly]

Changes:

• Implemented full CMake support, based on our work:
  • builds, runs unit tests and installs project;
  • generates and exports CMake targets for external projects;
  • generates and exports pkg-config files for external projects;
• Enabled GitHub actions and enabled CI for testing builds and running unit tests.
• Removed no longer needed makefiles. CMake will automatically generate them for all supported platforms.

Build instructions:

cmake -S . -B build -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RelWithDebInfo -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_EXAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTS:BOOL=ON
cmake --build build

Installation instructions:

sudo cmake --install build

Closes #61.

[Conan-Kudo]

@nayuki why did you close this? It's incredibly useful and makes it so we can consume this easily.

[nayuki]

@Conan-Kudo It's a lot of new/changed code for a system that I do not understand. Rather than let this request languish, I made the decision to hard-close it because I know I will not have time to process it.

You might be wondering, why not accept it as is? Because that's not how I operate. I hold myself accountable for every line, every character of code. No feature escapes my supervision. You might see code as a feature, but I see code as a liability. Every piece of code is something that can go wrong, hide bugs, hide security vulnerabilities, and need ongoing maintenance as assumptions/environments/tools change.

Please try to understand my role as a maintainer. Accepting every proposal without question would be a disaster for any project. A line has to be drawn somewhere. I choose to be ultra-conservative and draw the line at exactly what code I understand. If I don't understand the code, there is a very high chance I will reject it.

[Conan-Kudo]

Sure, but wouldn't it make sense to at least ask questions and engage a little bit before deciding on that course? Because you might come away learning something new and useful that you can apply to even more contexts than this one.