Update cpp-lint workflow configuration for ignored libs and embedded clang-tidy file

[abeltrano]

Type

• Bug fix
• Feature addition
• Feature update
• Breaking change
• Non-functional change
• Documentation
• Infrastructure

Goals

• Disable lint checks on notstd libs since we use a different coding style for those.
• Enforce repo .clang-tidy file checks with cpp-lint workflow.

Technical Details

• Add cpp-lint workflow ignore option with notstd directories.
• Add cpp-lint workflow clang-tidy option with empty value, enabling use of repo-embedded .clang-tidy file.

Test Results

None, this will be tested on the next PR.

Reviewer Focus

None

Future Work

The .clang-tidy file needs to be modified such that external dependencies such as CLI11 and Catch2 are ignored. Since these files are compiled and get included in the compile_commands.json file, it's unclear how to do this.

Checklist

• Build target all compiles cleanly.
• clang-format and clang-tidy deltas produced no new output.
• Newly added functions include doxygen-style comment block.