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HISTORY
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Python history
--------------
This file contains the release messages for previous Python releases.
As you read on you go back to the dark ages of Python's history.
======================================================================
From 1.5 to 1.5.1
=================
General
-------
- The documentation is now unbundled. It has also been extensively
modified (mostly to implement a new and more uniform formatting
style). We figure that most people will prefer to download one of the
preformatted documentation sets (HTML, PostScript or PDF) and that
only a minority have a need for the LaTeX or FrameMaker sources. Of
course, the unbundled documentation sources still released -- just not
in the same archive file, and perhaps not on the same date.
- All bugs noted on the errors page (and many unnoted) are fixed. All
new bugs take their places.
- No longer a core dump when attempting to print (or repr(), or str())
a list or dictionary that contains an instance of itself; instead, the
recursive entry is printed as [...] or {...}. See Py_ReprEnter() and
Py_ReprLeave() below. Comparisons of such objects still go beserk,
since this requires a different kind of fix; fortunately, this is a
less common scenario in practice.
Syntax change
-------------
- The raise statement can now be used without arguments, to re-raise
a previously set exception. This should be used after catching an
exception with an except clause only, either in the except clause or
later in the same function.
Import and module handling
--------------------------
- The implementation of import has changed to use a mutex (when
threading is supported). This means that when two threads
simultaneously import the same module, the import statements are
serialized. Recursive imports are not affected.
- Rewrote the finalization code almost completely, to be much more
careful with the order in which modules are destroyed. Destructors
will now generally be able to reference built-in names such as None
without trouble.
- Case-insensitive platforms such as Mac and Windows require the case
of a module's filename to match the case of the module name as
specified in the import statement (see below).
- The code for figuring out the default path now distinguishes between
files, modules, executable files, and directories. When expecting a
module, we also look for the .pyc or .pyo file.
Parser/tokenizer changes
------------------------
- The tokenizer can now warn you when your source code mixes tabs and
spaces for indentation in a manner that depends on how much a tab is
worth in spaces. Use "python -t" or "python -v" to enable this
option. Use "python -tt" to turn the warnings into errors. (See also
tabnanny.py and tabpolice.py below.)
- Return unsigned characters from tok_nextc(), so '\377' isn't
mistaken for an EOF character.
- Fixed two pernicious bugs in the tokenizer that only affected AIX.
One was actually a general bug that was triggered by AIX's smaller I/O
buffer size. The other was a bug in the AIX optimizer's loop
unrolling code; swapping two statements made the problem go away.
Tools, demos and miscellaneous files
------------------------------------
- There's a new version of Misc/python-mode.el (the Emacs mode for
Python) which is much smarter about guessing the indentation style
used in a particular file. Lots of other cool features too!
- There are two new tools in Tools/scripts: tabnanny.py and
tabpolice.py, implementing two different ways of checking whether a
file uses indentation in a way that is sensitive to the interpretation
of a tab. The preferred module is tabnanny.py (by Tim Peters).
- Some new demo programs:
Demo/tkinter/guido/paint.py -- Dave Mitchell
Demo/sockets/unixserver.py -- Piet van Oostrum
- Much better freeze support. The freeze script can now freeze
hierarchical module names (with a corresponding change to import.c),
and has a few extra options (e.g. to suppress freezing specific
modules). It also does much more on Windows NT.
- Version 1.0 of the faq wizard is included (only very small changes
since version 0.9.0).
- New feature for the ftpmirror script: when removing local files
(i.e., only when -r is used), do a recursive delete.
Configuring and building Python
-------------------------------
- Get rid of the check for -linet -- recent Sequent Dynix systems don't
need this any more and apparently it screws up their configuration.
- Some changes because gcc on SGI doesn't support '-all'.
- Changed the build rules to use $(LIBRARY) instead of
-L.. -lpython$(VERSION)
since the latter trips up the SunOS 4.1.x linker (sigh).
- Fix the bug where the '# dgux is broken' comment in the Makefile
tripped over Make on some platforms.
- Changes for AIX: install the python.exp file; properly use
$(srcdir); the makexp_aix script now removes C++ entries of the form
Class::method.
- Deleted some Makefile targets only used by the (long obsolete)
gMakefile hacks.
Extension modules
-----------------
- Performance and threading improvements to the socket and bsddb
modules, by Christopher Lindblad of Infoseek.
- Added operator.__not__ and operator.not_.
- In the thread module, when a thread exits due to an unhandled
exception, don't store the exception information in sys.last_*; it
prevents proper calling of destructors of local variables.
- Fixed a number of small bugs in the cPickle module.
- Changed find() and rfind() in the strop module so that
find("x","",2) returns -1, matching the implementation in string.py.
- In the time module, be more careful with the result of ctime(), and
test for HAVE_MKTIME before usinmg mktime().
- Doc strings contributed by Mitch Chapman to the termios, pwd, gdbm
modules.
- Added the LOG_SYSLOG constant to the syslog module, if defined.
Standard library modules
------------------------
- All standard library modules have been converted to an indentation
style using either only tabs or only spaces -- never a mixture -- if
they weren't already consistent according to tabnanny. This means
that the new -t option (see above) won't complain about standard
library modules.
- New standard library modules:
threading -- GvR and the thread-sig
Java style thread objects -- USE THIS!!!
getpass -- Piers Lauder
simple utilities to prompt for a password and to
retrieve the current username
imaplib -- Piers Lauder
interface for the IMAP4 protocol
poplib -- David Ascher, Piers Lauder
interface for the POP3 protocol
smtplib -- Dragon De Monsyne
interface for the SMTP protocol
- Some obsolete modules moved to a separate directory (Lib/lib-old)
which is *not* in the default module search path:
Para
addpack
codehack
fmt
lockfile
newdir
ni
rand
tb
- New version of the PCRE code (Perl Compatible Regular Expressions --
the re module and the supporting pcre extension) by Andrew Kuchling.
Incompatible new feature in re.sub(): the handling of escapes in the
replacement string has changed.
- Interface change in the copy module: a __deepcopy__ method is now
called with the memo dictionary as an argument.
- Feature change in the tokenize module: differentiate between NEWLINE
token (an official newline) and NL token (a newline that the grammar
ignores).
- Several bugfixes to the urllib module. It is now truly thread-safe,
and several bugs and a portability problem have been fixed. New
features, all due to Sjoerd Mullender: When creating a temporary file,
it gives it an appropriate suffix. Support the "data:" URL scheme.
The open() method uses the tempcache.
- New version of the xmllib module (this time with a test suite!) by
Sjoerd Mullender.
- Added debugging code to the telnetlib module, to be able to trace
the actual traffic.
- In the rfc822 module, added support for deleting a header (still no
support for adding headers, though). Also fixed a bug where an
illegal address would cause a crash in getrouteaddr(), fixed a
sign reversal in mktime_tz(), and use the local timezone by default
(the latter two due to Bill van Melle).
- The normpath() function in the dospath and ntpath modules no longer
does case normalization -- for that, use the separate function
normcase() (which always existed); normcase() has been sped up and
fixed (it was the cause of a crash in Mark Hammond's installer in
certain locales).
- New command supported by the ftplib module: rmd(); also fixed some
minor bugs.
- The profile module now uses a different timer function by default --
time.clock() is generally better than os.times(). This makes it work
better on Windows NT, too.
- The tempfile module now recovers when os.getcwd() raises an
exception.
- Fixed some bugs in the random module; gauss() was subtly wrong, and
vonmisesvariate() should return a full circle. Courtesy Mike Miller,
Lambert Meertens (gauss()), and Magnus Kessler (vonmisesvariate()).
- Better default seed in the whrandom module, courtesy Andrew Kuchling.
- Fix slow close() in shelve module.
- The Unix mailbox class in the mailbox module is now more robust when
a line begins with the string "From " but is definitely not the start
of a new message. The pattern used can be changed by overriding a
method or class variable.
- Added a rmtree() function to the copy module.
- Fixed several typos in the pickle module. Also fixed problems when
unpickling in restricted execution environments.
- Added docstrings and fixed a typo in the py_compile and compileall
modules. At Mark Hammond's repeated request, py_compile now append a
newline to the source if it needs one. Both modules support an extra
parameter to specify the purported source filename (to be used in
error messages).
- Some performance tweaks by Jeremy Hylton to the gzip module.
- Fixed a bug in the merge order of dictionaries in the ConfigParser
module. Courtesy Barry Warsaw.
- In the multifile module, support the optional second parameter to
seek() when possible.
- Several fixes to the gopherlib module by Lars Marius Garshol. Also,
urlparse now correctly handles Gopher URLs with query strings.
- Fixed a tiny bug in format_exception() in the traceback module.
Also rewrite tb_lineno() to be compatible with JPython (and not
disturb the current exception!); by Jim Hugunin.
- The httplib module is more robust when servers send a short response
-- courtesy Tim O'Malley.
Tkinter and friends
-------------------
- Various typos and bugs fixed.
- New module Tkdnd implements a drag-and-drop protocol (within one
application only).
- The event_*() widget methods have been restructured slightly -- they
no longer use the default root.
- The interfaces for the bind*() and unbind() widget methods have been
redesigned; the bind*() methods now return the name of the Tcl command
created for the callback, and this can be passed as a optional
argument to unbind() in order to delete the command (normally, such
commands are automatically unbound when the widget is destroyed, but
for some applications this isn't enough).
- Variable objects now have trace methods to interface to Tcl's
variable tracing facilities.
- Image objects now have an optional keyword argument, 'master', to
specify a widget (tree) to which they belong. The image_names() and
image_types() calls are now also widget methods.
- There's a new global call, Tkinter.NoDefaultRoot(), which disables
all use of the default root by the Tkinter library. This is useful to
debug applications that are in the process of being converted from
relying on the default root to explicit specification of the root
widget.
- The 'exit' command is deleted from the Tcl interpreter, since it
provided a loophole by which one could (accidentally) exit the Python
interpreter without invoking any cleanup code.
- Tcl_Finalize() is now registered as a Python low-level exit handle,
so Tcl will be finalized when Python exits.
The Python/C API
----------------
- New function PyThreadState_GetDict() returns a per-thread dictionary
intended for storing thread-local global variables.
- New functions Py_ReprEnter() and Py_ReprLeave() use the per-thread
dictionary to allow recursive container types to detect recursion in
their repr(), str() and print implementations.
- New function PyObject_Not(x) calculates (not x) according to Python's
standard rules (basically, it negates the outcome PyObject_IsTrue(x).
- New function _PyModule_Clear(), which clears a module's dictionary
carefully without removing the __builtins__ entry. This is implied
when a module object is deallocated (this used to clear the dictionary
completely).
- New function PyImport_ExecCodeModuleEx(), which extends
PyImport_ExecCodeModule() by adding an extra parameter to pass it the
true file.
- New functions Py_GetPythonHome() and Py_SetPythonHome(), intended to
allow embedded applications to force a different value for PYTHONHOME.
- New global flag Py_FrozenFlag is set when this is a "frozen" Python
binary; it suppresses warnings about not being able to find the
standard library directories.
- New global flag Py_TabcheckFlag is incremented by the -t option and
causes the tokenizer to issue warnings or errors about inconsistent
mixing of tabs and spaces for indentation.
Miscellaneous minor changes and bug fixes
-----------------------------------------
- Improved the error message when an attribute of an attribute-less
object is requested -- include the name of the attribute and the type
of the object in the message.
- Sped up int(), long(), float() a bit.
- Fixed a bug in list.sort() that would occasionally dump core.
- Fixed a bug in PyNumber_Power() that caused numeric arrays to fail
when taken tothe real power.
- Fixed a number of bugs in the file reading code, at least one of
which could cause a core dump on NT, and one of which would
occasionally cause file.read() to return less than the full contents
of the file.
- Performance hack by Vladimir Marangozov for stack frame creation.
- Make sure setvbuf() isn't used unless HAVE_SETVBUF is defined.
Windows 95/NT
-------------
- The .lib files are now part of the distribution; they are collected
in the subdirectory "libs" of the installation directory.
- The extension modules (.pyd files) are now collected in a separate
subdirectory of the installation directory named "DLLs".
- The case of a module's filename must now match the case of the
module name as specified in the import statement. This is an
experimental feature -- if it turns out to break in too many
situations, it will be removed (or disabled by default) in the future.
It can be disabled on a per-case basis by setting the environment
variable PYTHONCASEOK (to any value).
======================================================================
From 1.5b2 to 1.5
=================
- Newly documentated module: BaseHTTPServer.py, thanks to Greg Stein.
- Added doc strings to string.py, stropmodule.c, structmodule.c,
thanks to Charles Waldman.
- Many nits fixed in the manuals, thanks to Fred Drake and many others
(especially Rob Hooft and Andrew Kuchling). The HTML version now uses
HTML markup instead of inline GIF images for tables; only two images
are left (for obsure bits of math). The index of the HTML version has
also been much improved. Finally, it is once again possible to
generate an Emacs info file from the library manual (but I don't
commit to supporting this in future versions).
- New module: telnetlib.py (a simple telnet client library).
- New tool: Tools/versioncheck/, by Jack Jansen.
- Ported zlibmodule.c and bsddbmodule.c to NT; The project file for MS
DevStudio 5.0 now includes new subprojects to build the zlib and bsddb
extension modules.
- Many small changes again to Tkinter.py -- mostly bugfixes and adding
missing routines. Thanks to Greg McFarlane for reporting a bunch of
problems and proofreading my fixes.
- The re module and its documentation are up to date with the latest
version released to the string-sig (Dec. 22).
- Stop test_grp.py from failing when the /etc/group file is empty
(yes, this happens!).
- Fix bug in integer conversion (mystrtoul.c) that caused
4294967296==0 to be true!
- The VC++ 4.2 project file should be complete again.
- In tempfile.py, use a better template on NT, and add a new optional
argument "suffix" with default "" to specify a specific extension for
the temporary filename (needed sometimes on NT but perhaps also handy
elsewhere).
- Fixed some bugs in the FAQ wizard, and converted it to use re
instead of regex.
- Fixed a mysteriously undetected error in dlmodule.c (it was using a
totally bogus routine name to raise an exception).
- Fixed bug in import.c which wasn't using the new "dos-8x3" name yet.
- Hopefully harmless changes to the build process to support shared
libraries on DG/UX. This adds a target to create
libpython$(VERSION).so; however this target is *only* for DG/UX.
- Fixed a bug in the new format string error checking in getargs.c.
- A simple fix for infinite recursion when printing __builtins__:
reset '_' to None before printing and set it to the printed variable
*after* printing (and only when printing is successful).
- Fixed lib-tk/SimpleDialog.py to keep the dialog visible even if the
parent window is not (Skip Montanaro).
- Fixed the two most annoying problems with ftp URLs in
urllib.urlopen(); an empty file now correctly raises an error, and it
is no longer required to explicitly close the returned "file" object
before opening another ftp URL to the same host and directory.
======================================================================
From 1.5b1 to 1.5b2
===================
- Fixed a bug in cPickle.c that caused it to crash right away because
the version string had a different format.
- Changes in pickle.py and cPickle.c: when unpickling an instance of a
class that doesn't define the __getinitargs__() method, the __init__()
constructor is no longer called. This makes a much larger group of
classes picklable by default, but may occasionally change semantics.
To force calling __init__() on unpickling, define a __getinitargs__()
method. Other changes too, in particular cPickle now handles classes
defined in packages correctly. The same change applies to copying
instances with copy.py. The cPickle.c changes and some pickle.py
changes are courtesy Jim Fulton.
- Locale support in he "re" (Perl regular expressions) module. Use
the flag re.L (or re.LOCALE) to enable locale-specific matching
rules for \w and \b. The in-line syntax for this flag is (?L).
- The built-in function isinstance(x, y) now also succeeds when y is
a type object and type(x) is y.
- repr() and str() of class and instance objects now reflect the
package/module in which the class is defined.
- Module "ni" has been removed. (If you really need it, it's been
renamed to "ni1". Let me know if this causes any problems for you.
Package authors are encouraged to write __init__.py files that
support both ni and 1.5 package support, so the same version can be
used with Python 1.4 as well as 1.5.)
- The thread module is now automatically included when threads are
configured. (You must remove it from your existing Setup file,
since it is now in its own Setup.thread file.)
- New command line option "-x" to skip the first line of the script;
handy to make executable scripts on non-Unix platforms.
- In importdl.c, add the RTLD_GLOBAL to the dlopen() flags. I
haven't checked how this affects things, but it should make symbols
in one shared library available to the next one.
- The Windows installer now installs in the "Program Files" folder on
the proper volume by default.
- The Windows configuration adds a new main program, "pythonw", and
registers a new extension, ".pyw" that invokes this. This is a
pstandard Python interpreter that does not pop up a console window;
handy for pure Tkinter applications. All output to the original
stdout and stderr is lost; reading from the original stdin yields
EOF. Also, both python.exe and pythonw.exe now have a pretty icon
(a green snake in a box, courtesy Mark Hammond).
- Lots of improvements to emacs-mode.el again. See Barry's web page:
http://www.python.org/ftp/emacs/pmdetails.html.
- Lots of improvements and additions to the library reference manual;
many by Fred Drake.
- Doc strings for the following modules: rfc822.py, posixpath.py,
ntpath.py, httplib.py. Thanks to Mitch Chapman and Charles Waldman.
- Some more regression testing.
- An optional 4th (maxsplit) argument to strop.replace().
- Fixed handling of maxsplit in string.splitfields().
- Tweaked os.environ so it can be pickled and copied.
- The portability problems caused by indented preprocessor commands
and C++ style comments should be gone now.
- In random.py, added Pareto and Weibull distributions.
- The crypt module is now disabled in Modules/Setup.in by default; it
is rarely needed and causes errors on some systems where users often
don't know how to deal with those.
- Some improvements to the _tkinter build line suggested by Case Roole.
- A full suite of platform specific files for NetBSD 1.x, submitted by
Anders Andersen.
- New Solaris specific header STROPTS.py.
- Moved a confusing occurrence of *shared* from the comments in
Modules/Setup.in (people would enable this one instead of the real
one, and get disappointing results).
- Changed the default mode for directories to be group-writable when
the installation process creates them.
- Check for pthread support in "-l_r" for FreeBSD/NetBSD, and support
shared libraries for both.
- Support FreeBSD and NetBSD in posixfile.py.
- Support for the "event" command, new in Tk 4.2. By Case Roole.
- Add Tix_SafeInit() support to tkappinit.c.
- Various bugs fixed in "re.py" and "pcre.c".
- Fixed a bug (broken use of the syntax table) in the old "regexpr.c".
- In frozenmain.c, stdin is made unbuffered too when PYTHONUNBUFFERED
is set.
- Provide default blocksize for retrbinary in ftplib.py (Skip
Montanaro).
- In NT, pick the username up from different places in user.py (Jeff
Bauer).
- Patch to urlparse.urljoin() for ".." and "..#1", Marc Lemburg.
- Many small improvements to Jeff Rush' OS/2 support.
- ospath.py is gone; it's been obsolete for so many years now...
- The reference manual is now set up to prepare better HTML (still
using webmaker, alas).
- Add special handling to /Tools/freeze for Python modules that are
imported implicitly by the Python runtime: 'site' and 'exceptions'.
- Tools/faqwiz 0.8.3 -- add an option to suppress URL processing
inside <PRE>, by "Scott".
- Added ConfigParser.py, a generic parser for sectioned configuration
files.
- In _localemodule.c, LC_MESSAGES is not always defined; put it
between #ifdefs.
- Typo in resource.c: RUSAGE_CHILDERN -> RUSAGE_CHILDREN.
- Demo/scripts/newslist.py: Fix the way the version number is gotten
out of the RCS revision.
- PyArg_Parse[Tuple] now explicitly check for bad characters at the
end of the format string.
- Revamped PC/example_nt to support VC++ 5.x.
- <listobject>.sort() now uses a modified quicksort by Raymund Galvin,
after studying the GNU libg++ quicksort. This should be much faster
if there are lots of duplicates, and otherwise at least as good.
- Added "uue" as an alias for "uuencode" to mimetools.py. (Hm, the
uudecode bug where it complaints about trailing garbage is still there
:-( ).
- pickle.py requires integers in text mode to be in decimal notation
(it used to accept octal and hex, even though it would only generate
decimal numbers).
- In string.atof(), don't fail when the "re" module is unavailable.
Plug the ensueing security leak by supplying an empty __builtins__
directory to eval().
- A bunch of small fixes and improvements to Tkinter.py.
- Fixed a buffer overrun in PC/getpathp.c.
======================================================================
From 1.5a4 to 1.5b1
===================
- The Windows NT/95 installer now includes full HTML of all manuals.
It also has a checkbox that lets you decide whether to install the
interpreter and library. The WISE installer script for the installer
is included in the source tree as PC/python15.wse, and so are the
icons used for Python files. The config.c file for the Windows build
is now complete with the pcre module.
- sys.ps1 and sys.ps2 can now arbitrary objects; their str() is
evaluated for the prompt.
- The reference manual is brought up to date (more or less -- it still
needs work, e.g. in the area of package import).
- The icons used by latex2html are now included in the Doc
subdirectory (mostly so that tarring up the HTML files can be fully
automated). A simple index.html is also added to Doc (it only works
after you have successfully run latex2html).
- For all you would-be proselytizers out there: a new version of
Misc/BLURB describes Python more concisely, and Misc/comparisons
compares Python to several other languages. Misc/BLURB.WINDOWS
contains a blurb specifically aimed at Windows programmers (by Mark
Hammond).
- A new version of the Python mode for Emacs is included as
Misc/python-mode.el. There are too many new features to list here.
See http://www.python.org/ftp/emacs/pmdetails.html for more info.
- New module fileinput makes iterating over the lines of a list of
files easier. (This still needs some more thinking to make it more
extensible.)
- There's full OS/2 support, courtesy Jeff Rush. To build the OS/2
version, see PC/readme.txt and PC/os2vacpp. This is for IBM's Visual
Age C++ compiler. I expect that Jeff will also provide a binary
release for this platform.
- On Linux, the configure script now uses '-Xlinker -export-dynamic'
instead of '-rdynamic' to link the main program so that it exports its
symbols to shared libraries it loads dynamically. I hope this doesn't
break on older Linux versions; it is needed for mklinux and appears to
work on Linux 2.0.30.
- Some Tkinter resstructuring: the geometry methods that apply to a
master are now properly usable on toplevel master widgets. There's a
new (internal) widget class, BaseWidget. New, longer "official" names
for the geometry manager methods have been added,
e.g. "grid_columnconfigure()" instead of "columnconfigure()". The old
shorter names still work, and where there's ambiguity, pack wins over
place wins over grid. Also, the bind_class method now returns its
value.
- New, RFC-822 conformant parsing of email addresses and address lists
in the rfc822 module, courtesy Ben Escoto.
- New, revamped tkappinit.c with support for popular packages (PIL,
TIX, BLT, TOGL). For the last three, you need to execute the Tcl
command "load {} Tix" (or Blt, or Togl) to gain access to them.
The Modules/Setup line for the _tkinter module has been rewritten
using the cool line-breaking feature of most Bourne shells.
- New socket method connect_ex() returns the error code from connect()
instead of raising an exception on errors; this makes the logic
required for asynchronous connects simpler and more efficient.
- New "locale" module with (still experimental) interface to the
standard C library locale interface, courtesy Martin von Loewis. This
does not repeat my mistake in 1.5a4 of always calling
setlocale(LC_ALL, ""). In fact, we've pretty much decided that
Python's standard numerical formatting operations should always use
the conventions for the C locale; the locale module contains utility
functions to format numbers according to the user specified locale.
(All this is accomplished by an explicit call to setlocale(LC_NUMERIC,
"C") after locale-changing calls.) See the library manual. (Alas, the
promised changes to the "re" module for locale support have not been
materialized yet. If you care, volunteer!)
- Memory leak plugged in Py_BuildValue when building a dictionary.
- Shared modules can now live inside packages (hierarchical module
namespaces). No changes to the shared module itself are needed.
- Improved policy for __builtins__: this is a module in __main__ and a
dictionary everywhere else.
- Python no longer catches SIGHUP and SIGTERM by default. This was
impossible to get right in the light of thread contexts. If you want
your program to clean up when a signal happens, use the signal module
to set up your own signal handler.
- New Python/C API PyNumber_CoerceEx() does not return an exception
when no coercion is possible. This is used to fix a problem where
comparing incompatible numbers for equality would raise an exception
rather than return false as in Python 1.4 -- it once again will return
false.
- The errno module is changed again -- the table of error messages
(errorstr) is removed. Instead, you can use os.strerror(). This
removes redundance and a potential locale dependency.
- New module xmllib, to parse XML files. By Sjoerd Mullender.
- New C API PyOS_AfterFork() is called after fork() in posixmodule.c.
It resets the signal module's notion of what the current process ID
and thread are, so that signal handlers will work after (and across)
calls to os.fork().
- Fixed most occurrences of fatal errors due to missing thread state.
- For vgrind (a flexible source pretty printer) fans, there's a simple
Python definition in Misc/vgrindefs, courtesy Neale Pickett.
- Fixed memory leak in exec statement.
- The test.pystone module has a new function, pystones(loops=LOOPS),
which returns a (benchtime, stones) tuple. The main() function now
calls this and prints the report.
- Package directories now *require* the presence of an __init__.py (or
__init__.pyc) file before they are considered as packages. This is
done to prevent accidental subdirectories with common names from
overriding modules with the same name.
- Fixed some strange exceptions in __del__ methods in library modules
(e.g. urllib). This happens because the builtin names are already
deleted by the time __del__ is called. The solution (a hack, but it
works) is to set some instance variables to 0 instead of None.
- The table of built-in module initializers is replaced by a pointer
variable. This makes it possible to switch to a different table at
run time, e.g. when a collection of modules is loaded from a shared
library. (No example code of how to do this is given, but it is
possible.) The table is still there of course, its name prefixed with
an underscore and used to initialize the pointer.
- The warning about a thread still having a frame now only happens in
verbose mode.
- Change the signal finialization so that it also resets the signal
handlers. After this has been called, our signal handlers are no
longer active!
- New version of tokenize.py (by Ka-Ping Yee) recognizes raw string
literals. There's now also a test fort this module.
- The copy module now also uses __dict__.update(state) instead of
going through individual attribute assignments, for class instances
without a __setstate__ method.
- New module reconvert translates old-style (regex module) regular
expressions to new-style (re module, Perl-style) regular expressions.
- Most modules that used to use the regex module now use the re
module. The grep module has a new pgrep() function which uses
Perl-style regular expressions.
- The (very old, backwards compatibility) regexp.py module has been
deleted.
- Restricted execution (rexec): added the pcre module (support for the
re module) to the list of trusted extension modules.
- New version of Jim Fulton's CObject object type, adds
PyCObject_FromVoidPtrAndDesc() and PyCObject_GetDesc() APIs.
- Some patches to Lee Busby's fpectl mods that accidentally didn't
make it into 1.5a4.
- In the string module, add an optional 4th argument to count(),
matching find() etc.
- Patch for the nntplib module by Charles Waldman to add optional user
and password arguments to NNTP.__init__(), for nntp servers that need
them.
- The str() function for class objects now returns
"modulename.classname" instead of returning the same as repr().
- The parsing of \xXX escapes no longer relies on sscanf().
- The "sharedmodules" subdirectory of the installation is renamed to
"lib-dynload". (You may have to edit your Modules/Setup file to fix
this in an existing installation!)
- Fixed Don Beaudry's mess-up with the OPT test in the configure
script. Certain SGI platforms will still issue a warning for each
compile; there's not much I can do about this since the compiler's
exit status doesn't indicate that I was using an obsolete option.
- Fixed Barry's mess-up with {}.get(), and added test cases for it.
- Shared libraries didn't quite work under AIX because of the change
in status of the GNU readline interface. Fix due to by Vladimir
Marangozov.
======================================================================
From 1.5a3 to 1.5a4
===================
- faqwiz.py: version 0.8; Recognize https:// as URL; <html>...</html>
feature; better install instructions; removed faqmain.py (which was an
older version).
- nntplib.py: Fixed some bugs reported by Lars Wirzenius (to Debian)
about the treatment of lines starting with '.'. Added a minimal test
function.
- struct module: ignore most whitespace in format strings.
- urllib.py: close the socket and temp file in URLopener.retrieve() so
that multiple retrievals using the same connection work.
- All standard exceptions are now classes by default; use -X to make
them strings (for backward compatibility only).
- There's a new standard exception hierarchy, defined in the standard
library module exceptions.py (which you never need to import
explicitly). See
http://grail.cnri.reston.va.us/python/essays/stdexceptions.html for
more info.
- Three new C API functions:
- int PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches(obj1, obj2)
Returns 1 if obj1 and obj2 are the same object, or if obj1 is an
instance of type obj2, or of a class derived from obj2
- int PyErr_ExceptionMatches(obj)
Higher level wrapper around PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches() which uses
PyErr_Occurred() as obj1. This will be the more commonly called
function.
- void PyErr_NormalizeException(typeptr, valptr, tbptr)
Normalizes exceptions, and places the normalized values in the
arguments. If type is not a class, this does nothing. If type is a
class, then it makes sure that value is an instance of the class by:
1. if instance is of the type, or a class derived from type, it does
nothing.
2. otherwise it instantiates the class, using the value as an
argument. If value is None, it uses an empty arg tuple, and if
the value is a tuple, it uses just that.
- Another new C API function: PyErr_NewException() creates a new
exception class derived from Exception; when -X is given, it creates a
new string exception.
- core interpreter: remove the distinction between tuple and list
unpacking; allow an arbitrary sequence on the right hand side of any
unpack instruction. (UNPACK_LIST and UNPACK_TUPLE now do the same
thing, which should really be called UNPACK_SEQUENCE.)
- classes: Allow assignments to an instance's __dict__ or __class__,
so you can change ivars (including shared ivars -- shock horror) and
change classes dynamically. Also make the check on read-only
attributes of classes less draconic -- only the specials names
__dict__, __bases__, __name__ and __{get,set,del}attr__ can't be
assigned.
- Two new built-in functions: issubclass() and isinstance(). Both
take classes as their second arguments. The former takes a class as
the first argument and returns true iff first is second, or is a
subclass of second. The latter takes any object as the first argument
and returns true iff first is an instance of the second, or any
subclass of second.
- configure: Added configuration tests for presence of alarm(),
pause(), and getpwent().
- Doc/Makefile: changed latex2html targets.
- classes: Reverse the search order for the Don Beaudry hook so that
the first class with an applicable hook wins. Makes more sense.
- Changed the checks made in Py_Initialize() and Py_Finalize(). It is
now legal to call these more than once. The first call to
Py_Initialize() initializes, the first call to Py_Finalize()
finalizes. There's also a new API, Py_IsInitalized() which checks
whether we are already initialized (in case you want to leave things
as they were).
- Completely disable the declarations for malloc(), realloc() and
free(). Any 90's C compiler has these in header files, and the tests
to decide whether to suppress the declarations kept failing on some
platforms.
- *Before* (instead of after) signalmodule.o is added, remove both
intrcheck.o and sigcheck.o. This should get rid of warnings in ar or
ld on various systems.
- Added reop to PC/config.c
- configure: Decided to use -Aa -D_HPUX_SOURCE on HP-UX platforms.
Removed outdated HP-UX comments from README. Added Cray T3E comments.
- Various renames of statically defined functions that had name
conflicts on some systems, e.g. strndup (GNU libc), join (Cray),
roundup (sys/types.h).
- urllib.py: Interpret three slashes in file: URL as local file (for
Netscape on Windows/Mac).
- copy.py: Make sure the objects returned by __getinitargs__() are
kept alive (in the memo) to avoid a certain kind of nasty crash. (Not
easily reproducable because it requires a later call to
__getinitargs__() to return a tuple that happens to be allocated at
the same address.)
- Added definition of AR to toplevel Makefile. Renamed @buildno temp
file to buildno1.
- Moved Include/assert.h to Parser/assert.h, which seems to be the
only place where it's needed.
- Tweaked the dictionary lookup code again for some more speed
(Vladimir Marangozov).
- NT build: Changed the way python15.lib is included in the other
projects. Per Mark Hammond's suggestion, add it to the extra libs in
Settings instead of to the project's source files.
- regrtest.py: Change default verbosity so that there are only three
levels left: -q, default and -v. In default mode, the name of each
test is now printed. -v is the same as the old -vv. -q is more quiet
than the old default mode.
- Removed the old FAQ from the distribution. You now have to get it
from the web!
- Removed the PC/make_nt.in file from the distribution; it is no
longer needed.
- Changed the build sequence so that shared modules are built last.
This fixes things for AIX and doesn't hurt elsewhere.
- Improved test for GNU MP v1 in mpzmodule.c
- fileobject.c: ftell() on Linux discards all buffered data; changed
read() code to use lseek() instead to get the same effect
- configure.in, configure, importdl.c: NeXT sharedlib fixes
- tupleobject.c: PyTuple_SetItem asserts refcnt==1
- resource.c: Different strategy regarding whether to declare
getrusage() and getpagesize() -- #ifdef doesn't work, Linux has
conflicting decls in its headers. Choice: only declare the return