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typeobject.c
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typeobject.c
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/* Type object implementation */
#include "Python.h"
#include "structmember.h"
#include <ctype.h>
static PyMemberDef type_members[] = {
{"__basicsize__", T_INT, offsetof(PyTypeObject,tp_basicsize),READONLY},
{"__itemsize__", T_INT, offsetof(PyTypeObject, tp_itemsize), READONLY},
{"__flags__", T_LONG, offsetof(PyTypeObject, tp_flags), READONLY},
{"__weakrefoffset__", T_LONG,
offsetof(PyTypeObject, tp_weaklistoffset), READONLY},
{"__base__", T_OBJECT, offsetof(PyTypeObject, tp_base), READONLY},
{"__dictoffset__", T_LONG,
offsetof(PyTypeObject, tp_dictoffset), READONLY},
{"__mro__", T_OBJECT, offsetof(PyTypeObject, tp_mro), READONLY},
{0}
};
static PyObject *
type_name(PyTypeObject *type, void *context)
{
char *s;
if (type->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_HEAPTYPE) {
PyHeapTypeObject* et = (PyHeapTypeObject*)type;
Py_INCREF(et->name);
return et->name;
}
else {
s = strrchr(type->tp_name, '.');
if (s == NULL)
s = type->tp_name;
else
s++;
return PyString_FromString(s);
}
}
static int
type_set_name(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *value, void *context)
{
PyHeapTypeObject* et;
if (!(type->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_HEAPTYPE)) {
PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
"can't set %s.__name__", type->tp_name);
return -1;
}
if (!value) {
PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
"can't delete %s.__name__", type->tp_name);
return -1;
}
if (!PyString_Check(value)) {
PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
"can only assign string to %s.__name__, not '%s'",
type->tp_name, value->ob_type->tp_name);
return -1;
}
if (strlen(PyString_AS_STRING(value))
!= (size_t)PyString_GET_SIZE(value)) {
PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
"__name__ must not contain null bytes");
return -1;
}
et = (PyHeapTypeObject*)type;
Py_INCREF(value);
Py_DECREF(et->name);
et->name = value;
type->tp_name = PyString_AS_STRING(value);
return 0;
}
static PyObject *
type_module(PyTypeObject *type, void *context)
{
PyObject *mod;
char *s;
if (type->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_HEAPTYPE) {
mod = PyDict_GetItemString(type->tp_dict, "__module__");
Py_XINCREF(mod);
return mod;
}
else {
s = strrchr(type->tp_name, '.');
if (s != NULL)
return PyString_FromStringAndSize(
type->tp_name, (int)(s - type->tp_name));
return PyString_FromString("__builtin__");
}
}
static int
type_set_module(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *value, void *context)
{
if (!(type->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_HEAPTYPE)) {
PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
"can't set %s.__module__", type->tp_name);
return -1;
}
if (!value) {
PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
"can't delete %s.__module__", type->tp_name);
return -1;
}
return PyDict_SetItemString(type->tp_dict, "__module__", value);
}
static PyObject *
type_get_bases(PyTypeObject *type, void *context)
{
Py_INCREF(type->tp_bases);
return type->tp_bases;
}
static PyTypeObject *best_base(PyObject *);
static int mro_internal(PyTypeObject *);
static int compatible_for_assignment(PyTypeObject *, PyTypeObject *, char *);
static int add_subclass(PyTypeObject*, PyTypeObject*);
static void remove_subclass(PyTypeObject *, PyTypeObject *);
static void update_all_slots(PyTypeObject *);
typedef int (*update_callback)(PyTypeObject *, void *);
static int update_subclasses(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *name,
update_callback callback, void *data);
static int recurse_down_subclasses(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *name,
update_callback callback, void *data);
static int
mro_subclasses(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject* temp)
{
PyTypeObject *subclass;
PyObject *ref, *subclasses, *old_mro;
int i, n;
subclasses = type->tp_subclasses;
if (subclasses == NULL)
return 0;
assert(PyList_Check(subclasses));
n = PyList_GET_SIZE(subclasses);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
ref = PyList_GET_ITEM(subclasses, i);
assert(PyWeakref_CheckRef(ref));
subclass = (PyTypeObject *)PyWeakref_GET_OBJECT(ref);
assert(subclass != NULL);
if ((PyObject *)subclass == Py_None)
continue;
assert(PyType_Check(subclass));
old_mro = subclass->tp_mro;
if (mro_internal(subclass) < 0) {
subclass->tp_mro = old_mro;
return -1;
}
else {
PyObject* tuple;
tuple = Py_BuildValue("OO", subclass, old_mro);
Py_DECREF(old_mro);
if (!tuple)
return -1;
if (PyList_Append(temp, tuple) < 0)
return -1;
Py_DECREF(tuple);
}
if (mro_subclasses(subclass, temp) < 0)
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
static int
type_set_bases(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *value, void *context)
{
int i, r = 0;
PyObject *ob, *temp;
PyTypeObject *new_base, *old_base;
PyObject *old_bases, *old_mro;
if (!(type->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_HEAPTYPE)) {
PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
"can't set %s.__bases__", type->tp_name);
return -1;
}
if (!value) {
PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
"can't delete %s.__bases__", type->tp_name);
return -1;
}
if (!PyTuple_Check(value)) {
PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
"can only assign tuple to %s.__bases__, not %s",
type->tp_name, value->ob_type->tp_name);
return -1;
}
if (PyTuple_GET_SIZE(value) == 0) {
PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
"can only assign non-empty tuple to %s.__bases__, not ()",
type->tp_name);
return -1;
}
for (i = 0; i < PyTuple_GET_SIZE(value); i++) {
ob = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(value, i);
if (!PyClass_Check(ob) && !PyType_Check(ob)) {
PyErr_Format(
PyExc_TypeError,
"%s.__bases__ must be tuple of old- or new-style classes, not '%s'",
type->tp_name, ob->ob_type->tp_name);
return -1;
}
if (PyType_Check(ob)) {
if (PyType_IsSubtype((PyTypeObject*)ob, type)) {
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
"a __bases__ item causes an inheritance cycle");
return -1;
}
}
}
new_base = best_base(value);
if (!new_base) {
return -1;
}
if (!compatible_for_assignment(type->tp_base, new_base, "__bases__"))
return -1;
Py_INCREF(new_base);
Py_INCREF(value);
old_bases = type->tp_bases;
old_base = type->tp_base;
old_mro = type->tp_mro;
type->tp_bases = value;
type->tp_base = new_base;
if (mro_internal(type) < 0) {
goto bail;
}
temp = PyList_New(0);
if (!temp)
goto bail;
r = mro_subclasses(type, temp);
if (r < 0) {
for (i = 0; i < PyList_Size(temp); i++) {
PyTypeObject* cls;
PyObject* mro;
PyArg_ParseTuple(PyList_GET_ITEM(temp, i),
"OO", &cls, &mro);
Py_DECREF(cls->tp_mro);
cls->tp_mro = mro;
Py_INCREF(cls->tp_mro);
}
Py_DECREF(temp);
goto bail;
}
Py_DECREF(temp);
/* any base that was in __bases__ but now isn't, we
need to remove |type| from its tp_subclasses.
conversely, any class now in __bases__ that wasn't
needs to have |type| added to its subclasses. */
/* for now, sod that: just remove from all old_bases,
add to all new_bases */
for (i = PyTuple_GET_SIZE(old_bases) - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
ob = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(old_bases, i);
if (PyType_Check(ob)) {
remove_subclass(
(PyTypeObject*)ob, type);
}
}
for (i = PyTuple_GET_SIZE(value) - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
ob = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(value, i);
if (PyType_Check(ob)) {
if (add_subclass((PyTypeObject*)ob, type) < 0)
r = -1;
}
}
update_all_slots(type);
Py_DECREF(old_bases);
Py_DECREF(old_base);
Py_DECREF(old_mro);
return r;
bail:
type->tp_bases = old_bases;
type->tp_base = old_base;
type->tp_mro = old_mro;
Py_DECREF(value);
Py_DECREF(new_base);
return -1;
}
static PyObject *
type_dict(PyTypeObject *type, void *context)
{
if (type->tp_dict == NULL) {
Py_INCREF(Py_None);
return Py_None;
}
return PyDictProxy_New(type->tp_dict);
}
static PyObject *
type_get_doc(PyTypeObject *type, void *context)
{
PyObject *result;
if (!(type->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_HEAPTYPE) && type->tp_doc != NULL)
return PyString_FromString(type->tp_doc);
result = PyDict_GetItemString(type->tp_dict, "__doc__");
if (result == NULL) {
result = Py_None;
Py_INCREF(result);
}
else if (result->ob_type->tp_descr_get) {
result = result->ob_type->tp_descr_get(result, NULL,
(PyObject *)type);
}
else {
Py_INCREF(result);
}
return result;
}
static PyGetSetDef type_getsets[] = {
{"__name__", (getter)type_name, (setter)type_set_name, NULL},
{"__bases__", (getter)type_get_bases, (setter)type_set_bases, NULL},
{"__module__", (getter)type_module, (setter)type_set_module, NULL},
{"__dict__", (getter)type_dict, NULL, NULL},
{"__doc__", (getter)type_get_doc, NULL, NULL},
{0}
};
static int
type_compare(PyObject *v, PyObject *w)
{
/* This is called with type objects only. So we
can just compare the addresses. */
Py_uintptr_t vv = (Py_uintptr_t)v;
Py_uintptr_t ww = (Py_uintptr_t)w;
return (vv < ww) ? -1 : (vv > ww) ? 1 : 0;
}
static PyObject *
type_repr(PyTypeObject *type)
{
PyObject *mod, *name, *rtn;
char *kind;
mod = type_module(type, NULL);
if (mod == NULL)
PyErr_Clear();
else if (!PyString_Check(mod)) {
Py_DECREF(mod);
mod = NULL;
}
name = type_name(type, NULL);
if (name == NULL)
return NULL;
if (type->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_HEAPTYPE)
kind = "class";
else
kind = "type";
if (mod != NULL && strcmp(PyString_AS_STRING(mod), "__builtin__")) {
rtn = PyString_FromFormat("<%s '%s.%s'>",
kind,
PyString_AS_STRING(mod),
PyString_AS_STRING(name));
}
else
rtn = PyString_FromFormat("<%s '%s'>", kind, type->tp_name);
Py_XDECREF(mod);
Py_DECREF(name);
return rtn;
}
static PyObject *
type_call(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds)
{
PyObject *obj;
if (type->tp_new == NULL) {
PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
"cannot create '%.100s' instances",
type->tp_name);
return NULL;
}
obj = type->tp_new(type, args, kwds);
if (obj != NULL) {
/* Ugly exception: when the call was type(something),
don't call tp_init on the result. */
if (type == &PyType_Type &&
PyTuple_Check(args) && PyTuple_GET_SIZE(args) == 1 &&
(kwds == NULL ||
(PyDict_Check(kwds) && PyDict_Size(kwds) == 0)))
return obj;
/* If the returned object is not an instance of type,
it won't be initialized. */
if (!PyType_IsSubtype(obj->ob_type, type))
return obj;
type = obj->ob_type;
if (PyType_HasFeature(type, Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_CLASS) &&
type->tp_init != NULL &&
type->tp_init(obj, args, kwds) < 0) {
Py_DECREF(obj);
obj = NULL;
}
}
return obj;
}
PyObject *
PyType_GenericAlloc(PyTypeObject *type, int nitems)
{
PyObject *obj;
const size_t size = _PyObject_VAR_SIZE(type, nitems+1);
/* note that we need to add one, for the sentinel */
if (PyType_IS_GC(type))
obj = _PyObject_GC_Malloc(size);
else
obj = PyObject_MALLOC(size);
if (obj == NULL)
return PyErr_NoMemory();
memset(obj, '\0', size);
if (type->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_HEAPTYPE)
Py_INCREF(type);
if (type->tp_itemsize == 0)
PyObject_INIT(obj, type);
else
(void) PyObject_INIT_VAR((PyVarObject *)obj, type, nitems);
if (PyType_IS_GC(type))
_PyObject_GC_TRACK(obj);
return obj;
}
PyObject *
PyType_GenericNew(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds)
{
return type->tp_alloc(type, 0);
}
/* Helpers for subtyping */
static int
traverse_slots(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *self, visitproc visit, void *arg)
{
int i, n;
PyMemberDef *mp;
n = type->ob_size;
mp = PyHeapType_GET_MEMBERS((PyHeapTypeObject *)type);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++, mp++) {
if (mp->type == T_OBJECT_EX) {
char *addr = (char *)self + mp->offset;
PyObject *obj = *(PyObject **)addr;
if (obj != NULL) {
int err = visit(obj, arg);
if (err)
return err;
}
}
}
return 0;
}
static int
subtype_traverse(PyObject *self, visitproc visit, void *arg)
{
PyTypeObject *type, *base;
traverseproc basetraverse;
/* Find the nearest base with a different tp_traverse,
and traverse slots while we're at it */
type = self->ob_type;
base = type;
while ((basetraverse = base->tp_traverse) == subtype_traverse) {
if (base->ob_size) {
int err = traverse_slots(base, self, visit, arg);
if (err)
return err;
}
base = base->tp_base;
assert(base);
}
if (type->tp_dictoffset != base->tp_dictoffset) {
PyObject **dictptr = _PyObject_GetDictPtr(self);
if (dictptr && *dictptr) {
int err = visit(*dictptr, arg);
if (err)
return err;
}
}
if (type->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_HEAPTYPE) {
/* For a heaptype, the instances count as references
to the type. Traverse the type so the collector
can find cycles involving this link. */
int err = visit((PyObject *)type, arg);
if (err)
return err;
}
if (basetraverse)
return basetraverse(self, visit, arg);
return 0;
}
static void
clear_slots(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *self)
{
int i, n;
PyMemberDef *mp;
n = type->ob_size;
mp = PyHeapType_GET_MEMBERS((PyHeapTypeObject *)type);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++, mp++) {
if (mp->type == T_OBJECT_EX && !(mp->flags & READONLY)) {
char *addr = (char *)self + mp->offset;
PyObject *obj = *(PyObject **)addr;
if (obj != NULL) {
Py_DECREF(obj);
*(PyObject **)addr = NULL;
}
}
}
}
static int
subtype_clear(PyObject *self)
{
PyTypeObject *type, *base;
inquiry baseclear;
/* Find the nearest base with a different tp_clear
and clear slots while we're at it */
type = self->ob_type;
base = type;
while ((baseclear = base->tp_clear) == subtype_clear) {
if (base->ob_size)
clear_slots(base, self);
base = base->tp_base;
assert(base);
}
/* There's no need to clear the instance dict (if any);
the collector will call its tp_clear handler. */
if (baseclear)
return baseclear(self);
return 0;
}
static void
subtype_dealloc(PyObject *self)
{
PyTypeObject *type, *base;
destructor basedealloc;
/* Extract the type; we expect it to be a heap type */
type = self->ob_type;
assert(type->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_HEAPTYPE);
/* Test whether the type has GC exactly once */
if (!PyType_IS_GC(type)) {
/* It's really rare to find a dynamic type that doesn't have
GC; it can only happen when deriving from 'object' and not
adding any slots or instance variables. This allows
certain simplifications: there's no need to call
clear_slots(), or DECREF the dict, or clear weakrefs. */
/* Maybe call finalizer; exit early if resurrected */
if (type->tp_del) {
type->tp_del(self);
if (self->ob_refcnt > 0)
return;
}
/* Find the nearest base with a different tp_dealloc */
base = type;
while ((basedealloc = base->tp_dealloc) == subtype_dealloc) {
assert(base->ob_size == 0);
base = base->tp_base;
assert(base);
}
/* Call the base tp_dealloc() */
assert(basedealloc);
basedealloc(self);
/* Can't reference self beyond this point */
Py_DECREF(type);
/* Done */
return;
}
/* We get here only if the type has GC */
/* UnTrack and re-Track around the trashcan macro, alas */
/* See explanation at end of function for full disclosure */
PyObject_GC_UnTrack(self);
++_PyTrash_delete_nesting;
Py_TRASHCAN_SAFE_BEGIN(self);
--_PyTrash_delete_nesting;
_PyObject_GC_TRACK(self); /* We'll untrack for real later */
/* Maybe call finalizer; exit early if resurrected */
if (type->tp_del) {
type->tp_del(self);
if (self->ob_refcnt > 0)
goto endlabel;
}
/* Find the nearest base with a different tp_dealloc
and clear slots while we're at it */
base = type;
while ((basedealloc = base->tp_dealloc) == subtype_dealloc) {
if (base->ob_size)
clear_slots(base, self);
base = base->tp_base;
assert(base);
}
/* If we added a dict, DECREF it */
if (type->tp_dictoffset && !base->tp_dictoffset) {
PyObject **dictptr = _PyObject_GetDictPtr(self);
if (dictptr != NULL) {
PyObject *dict = *dictptr;
if (dict != NULL) {
Py_DECREF(dict);
*dictptr = NULL;
}
}
}
/* If we added weaklist, we clear it */
if (type->tp_weaklistoffset && !base->tp_weaklistoffset)
PyObject_ClearWeakRefs(self);
/* Finalize GC if the base doesn't do GC and we do */
if (!PyType_IS_GC(base))
_PyObject_GC_UNTRACK(self);
/* Call the base tp_dealloc() */
assert(basedealloc);
basedealloc(self);
/* Can't reference self beyond this point */
Py_DECREF(type);
endlabel:
++_PyTrash_delete_nesting;
Py_TRASHCAN_SAFE_END(self);
--_PyTrash_delete_nesting;
/* Explanation of the weirdness around the trashcan macros:
Q. What do the trashcan macros do?
A. Read the comment titled "Trashcan mechanism" in object.h.
For one, this explains why there must be a call to GC-untrack
before the trashcan begin macro. Without understanding the
trashcan code, the answers to the following questions don't make
sense.
Q. Why do we GC-untrack before the trashcan and then immediately
GC-track again afterward?
A. In the case that the base class is GC-aware, the base class
probably GC-untracks the object. If it does that using the
UNTRACK macro, this will crash when the object is already
untracked. Because we don't know what the base class does, the
only safe thing is to make sure the object is tracked when we
call the base class dealloc. But... The trashcan begin macro
requires that the object is *untracked* before it is called. So
the dance becomes:
GC untrack
trashcan begin
GC track
Q. Why the bizarre (net-zero) manipulation of
_PyTrash_delete_nesting around the trashcan macros?
A. Some base classes (e.g. list) also use the trashcan mechanism.
The following scenario used to be possible:
- suppose the trashcan level is one below the trashcan limit
- subtype_dealloc() is called
- the trashcan limit is not yet reached, so the trashcan level
is incremented and the code between trashcan begin and end is
executed
- this destroys much of the object's contents, including its
slots and __dict__
- basedealloc() is called; this is really list_dealloc(), or
some other type which also uses the trashcan macros
- the trashcan limit is now reached, so the object is put on the
trashcan's to-be-deleted-later list
- basedealloc() returns
- subtype_dealloc() decrefs the object's type
- subtype_dealloc() returns
- later, the trashcan code starts deleting the objects from its
to-be-deleted-later list
- subtype_dealloc() is called *AGAIN* for the same object
- at the very least (if the destroyed slots and __dict__ don't
cause problems) the object's type gets decref'ed a second
time, which is *BAD*!!!
The remedy is to make sure that if the code between trashcan
begin and end in subtype_dealloc() is called, the code between
trashcan begin and end in basedealloc() will also be called.
This is done by decrementing the level after passing into the
trashcan block, and incrementing it just before leaving the
block.
But now it's possible that a chain of objects consisting solely
of objects whose deallocator is subtype_dealloc() will defeat
the trashcan mechanism completely: the decremented level means
that the effective level never reaches the limit. Therefore, we
*increment* the level *before* entering the trashcan block, and
matchingly decrement it after leaving. This means the trashcan
code will trigger a little early, but that's no big deal.
Q. Are there any live examples of code in need of all this
complexity?
A. Yes. See SF bug 668433 for code that crashed (when Python was
compiled in debug mode) before the trashcan level manipulations
were added. For more discussion, see SF patches 581742, 575073
and bug 574207.
*/
}
static PyTypeObject *solid_base(PyTypeObject *type);
/* type test with subclassing support */
int
PyType_IsSubtype(PyTypeObject *a, PyTypeObject *b)
{
PyObject *mro;
if (!(a->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_CLASS))
return b == a || b == &PyBaseObject_Type;
mro = a->tp_mro;
if (mro != NULL) {
/* Deal with multiple inheritance without recursion
by walking the MRO tuple */
int i, n;
assert(PyTuple_Check(mro));
n = PyTuple_GET_SIZE(mro);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
if (PyTuple_GET_ITEM(mro, i) == (PyObject *)b)
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
else {
/* a is not completely initilized yet; follow tp_base */
do {
if (a == b)
return 1;
a = a->tp_base;
} while (a != NULL);
return b == &PyBaseObject_Type;
}
}
/* Internal routines to do a method lookup in the type
without looking in the instance dictionary
(so we can't use PyObject_GetAttr) but still binding
it to the instance. The arguments are the object,
the method name as a C string, and the address of a
static variable used to cache the interned Python string.
Two variants:
- lookup_maybe() returns NULL without raising an exception
when the _PyType_Lookup() call fails;
- lookup_method() always raises an exception upon errors.
*/
static PyObject *
lookup_maybe(PyObject *self, char *attrstr, PyObject **attrobj)
{
PyObject *res;
if (*attrobj == NULL) {
*attrobj = PyString_InternFromString(attrstr);
if (*attrobj == NULL)
return NULL;
}
res = _PyType_Lookup(self->ob_type, *attrobj);
if (res != NULL) {
descrgetfunc f;
if ((f = res->ob_type->tp_descr_get) == NULL)
Py_INCREF(res);
else
res = f(res, self, (PyObject *)(self->ob_type));
}
return res;
}
static PyObject *
lookup_method(PyObject *self, char *attrstr, PyObject **attrobj)
{
PyObject *res = lookup_maybe(self, attrstr, attrobj);
if (res == NULL && !PyErr_Occurred())
PyErr_SetObject(PyExc_AttributeError, *attrobj);
return res;
}
/* A variation of PyObject_CallMethod that uses lookup_method()
instead of PyObject_GetAttrString(). This uses the same convention
as lookup_method to cache the interned name string object. */
static PyObject *
call_method(PyObject *o, char *name, PyObject **nameobj, char *format, ...)
{
va_list va;
PyObject *args, *func = 0, *retval;
va_start(va, format);
func = lookup_maybe(o, name, nameobj);
if (func == NULL) {
va_end(va);
if (!PyErr_Occurred())
PyErr_SetObject(PyExc_AttributeError, *nameobj);
return NULL;
}
if (format && *format)
args = Py_VaBuildValue(format, va);
else
args = PyTuple_New(0);
va_end(va);
if (args == NULL)
return NULL;
assert(PyTuple_Check(args));
retval = PyObject_Call(func, args, NULL);
Py_DECREF(args);
Py_DECREF(func);
return retval;
}
/* Clone of call_method() that returns NotImplemented when the lookup fails. */
static PyObject *
call_maybe(PyObject *o, char *name, PyObject **nameobj, char *format, ...)
{
va_list va;
PyObject *args, *func = 0, *retval;
va_start(va, format);
func = lookup_maybe(o, name, nameobj);
if (func == NULL) {
va_end(va);
if (!PyErr_Occurred()) {
Py_INCREF(Py_NotImplemented);
return Py_NotImplemented;
}
return NULL;
}
if (format && *format)
args = Py_VaBuildValue(format, va);
else
args = PyTuple_New(0);
va_end(va);
if (args == NULL)
return NULL;
assert(PyTuple_Check(args));
retval = PyObject_Call(func, args, NULL);
Py_DECREF(args);
Py_DECREF(func);
return retval;
}
static int
fill_classic_mro(PyObject *mro, PyObject *cls)
{
PyObject *bases, *base;
int i, n;
assert(PyList_Check(mro));
assert(PyClass_Check(cls));
i = PySequence_Contains(mro, cls);
if (i < 0)
return -1;
if (!i) {
if (PyList_Append(mro, cls) < 0)
return -1;
}
bases = ((PyClassObject *)cls)->cl_bases;
assert(bases && PyTuple_Check(bases));
n = PyTuple_GET_SIZE(bases);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
base = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(bases, i);
if (fill_classic_mro(mro, base) < 0)
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
static PyObject *
classic_mro(PyObject *cls)
{
PyObject *mro;
assert(PyClass_Check(cls));
mro = PyList_New(0);
if (mro != NULL) {
if (fill_classic_mro(mro, cls) == 0)
return mro;
Py_DECREF(mro);
}
return NULL;
}
/*
Method resolution order algorithm C3 described in
"A Monotonic Superclass Linearization for Dylan",
by Kim Barrett, Bob Cassel, Paul Haahr,
David A. Moon, Keith Playford, and P. Tucker Withington.
(OOPSLA 1996)
Some notes about the rules implied by C3:
No duplicate bases.
It isn't legal to repeat a class in a list of base classes.
The next three properties are the 3 constraints in "C3".
Local precendece order.
If A precedes B in C's MRO, then A will precede B in the MRO of all
subclasses of C.
Monotonicity.
The MRO of a class must be an extension without reordering of the
MRO of each of its superclasses.
Extended Precedence Graph (EPG).
Linearization is consistent if there is a path in the EPG from