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!keys.txt
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!keys.txt
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11:A 16:A' 1A:A'' / 12:B 17:B' 1B:B'' / 13:C 18:C' 1C:C'' / 14:D 19:D' 1D:D'' / 15:E 10:E' 1E:E''
21:2nd 26:SB* 2A: / 22:INV 27:HirI 2B:code/ 23:lnx 28:log 2C:lg2 / 24:CE 29:CP 2D:rnd / 25:CLR 20:OFF 2E: .... ON
- - - 82:HIR
31:LRN 36:Pgm 3A:Temp / 32:x-t 37:P>R 3B:x-y / 33:x^2 38:sin 3C:snh / 34:Vx 39:cos 3D:csh / 35:1/x 30:tan 3E:tah
41:SST 46:Ins 4A:Bat / 42:STO 47:CMs,ClrSta 4B:n!/43:RCL 48:Exc 4C:lnn! / 44:SUM 49:Prd 4D:logn!/ 45:y^x 40:Ind 4E:mod2
51:BST 56:Del 5A:LCD / 52:EE 57:Eng 5B:SHL / 53:( 58:Fix 5C:SHR / 54:) 59:Int 5D:round/ 55: : 50:abs 5E:mod
61:GTO 66:Pau 6A:Rel / 62:PgI 67:x=t 6B:IncI / 63:ExI 68:Nop 6C:RegI / 64:PrI 69:Op 6D:IfI / 65:x 60:Deg 6E:AND
07:7 0D:0D 08:8 0E:0E 09:9 0F:0F
71:SBR 76:Lbl 7A:If / 72:STI 77:x>t 7B: / 73:RCI 78:Sta 7C: / 74:SUI 79:Avr 7D: / 75:- 70:Rad 7E:XOR
04:4 0A:0A 05:5 0B:0B 06:6 0C:0C
81:RST 86:StF 8A:Reg / 82:HIR 87:IfF 8B:HEX / 83:GTI 88:DMS 8C:BIN / 84:OpI 89:pi 8D:OCT / 85:+ 80:Gra 8E:OR
01:1 02:2 03:3
91:R/S 96:Wrt 9A:phi / 92:RTN 97:Dsz 9B:DEC / 93:. 98:Adv 9C:Inc / 94:+/- sgn 99:Prt 9D:NOT / 95:= 90:Lst 9E:%
00:0
Note: The random generator in ML-15 has a different representation due to the different accuracy of the calculation.
Euclidean algorithm: https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukleid%C5%AFv_algoritmus
0x20 is reserved for future fractions a/b
Rel is a relative jump forward (relative to the next address), with INV it is a jump back (the beginning of the INV instruction has offset 3)
If is a conditional jump with register comparison (with INV it changes to 6D If* with indirect 1st and 2nd register)
1st parameter (2 digits):
1st digit is condition: bit 0 <, bit 1 =, bit 2 >, bit 3 HIR
0..7 memory register comparison, 8..F HIR register comparison
0 (8) <=c, comparison with constant = 2. operand, not changed to indirect (do not use FF)
1 (9) <
2 (A) =
3 (B) <=
4 (C) >
5 (D) <> (not equal)
6 (E) >=
7 (F) >c, comparison with constant = 2nd operand, does not change to indirect (do not use FF)
2nd digit is the number of the first register 0..15 (for 7A If is a direct register, for 6D If* an indirect memory register)
2nd parameter (2 digits): number of the second register (for 'c' is a constant, for 7A If is a direct register, for 6D If* an indirect memory register)
3rd parameter jump address (absolute, index or label)
Reg (8A Reg nebo 6C Re*) nebo operace s registry (s INV je inverzní operace)
1. parametr (2 èíslice; nepouzivat FF):
1. èíslice je typ operace (B3=HIR, B2=indirect), 0..3 pamìové registry pøímé, 4..7 nepøímé, 8..B HIR registry pøímé, C..F nepøímé pamìové pøes HIR
0, 4, 8, C ... MOV kopie obsahu, s INV je Exc zámìna registrù
1, 5, 9, D ... SUM pøiètení, s INV odeètení
2, 6, A, E ... Prd vynásobení, s INV vydìlení
3, 7, B, F ... Const nastavení registru z konstanty = 2. parametr BCD (nemìní se s indirect), s INV negativní èíslo
2. èíslice je cílový operand 0..F, podle operace:
0..3 ... pøímý pamìový registr 0..15
4..7 ... nepøímý pamìový registr s indexem 0..15
8..B ... pøímý registr HIR 0..15
C..F ... nepøímý pamìový registr s indexem HIR 0..15
2. parametr (2 èíslice, nepouzivat FF) je zdrojový operand (nelze uvést registr 40, kód je rezervován pro nepøímé adresování Ind)
8A Reg ... pro operaci 8..F je registr HIR 0..15, jinak pøímý pamìový registr
6C Re* ... nepøímý pamìový registr, index pro operaci 8..F je HIR registr, jinak pamìový registr
INV DEC (HEX BIN OCT) - debug mode
INV . - start edit mode of current number (cut hidden digits)
code - zadání kódu instrukce èíselnì z klávesnice
Ind - samotná klávesa (není-li za jinou klávesou) slouží k vyvolání kódu instrukce z pamìti (kód zadat jako HEX)
INV n! pocita integer factorial
HIR a Print reg jsou samostatné registry, nejsou v callstacku (nemažou se s CLR ani s CMs)
HIR Ind - v HIR registru je index pamìového registru.
HIR (nepoužívat HIR FF):
- nižší nibble (v HEX kódu) je èíslo HIR registru 0..15
- vyšší nibble je povel:
0x ... STO, save X into HIR register
1x ... RCL, recall X from HIR register
2x ... Round, round register to integer
3x ... SUM (+), add X to HIR register
4x ... Prd (*), multiply X to HIR register
5x ... INV SUM (-), subtract X from HIR register
6x ... INV Prd (/), divide HIR register by X
7x ... Inc (++), increment HIR register
8x ... Dec (--), decrement HIR register
9x ... Exc, exchange X and HIR register
Ax ... GTO to address from HIR register (absolute or label if high byte > 15)
Bx ... SBR to address from HIR register (absolute or label if high byte > 15)
s Ind adresa nemusí jít zadat pøímo z klávesnice a nemusí být nalezený následující Label správnì
Cx a ... x<=0 jump to following address if HIR register is <= 0
Dx a ... x>0 jump to following address if HIR register is > 0
Ex a ... DJNZ (DSZ), decrement/increment HIR register and jump to address if register is not 0
Fx a ... DJZ (INV DSZ), decrement/increment HIR register and jump to address if register is 0
Print registry používají jiný formát! (8 znakù namísto 5, znaky mají jiné kódy)
Op Ind v pamìti je v HEX formátu.
Op:
00 ... clear print registers 1..4
01..04 ... set print register 1..4 from register X
Register is integer number of 16 digits, defining 8 character.
Every 2 digits define 1 character of code 00..99 (see character table)
05 ... reserved (output print registers 1..4 to printer)
06 ... reserved (output print register 1 to printer with register X)
07 ... reserved (print asterisk to X position 0..19 of the printer)
08 ... reserved (print labels to the printer)
09 ... load selected program to main memory
0A ... print registers 1 and 2 on 1st row while running (cleared on stop) - full row
0B ... print register 1 on 1st row while running (cleared on stop) - half row + number X
0C ... print register 1 on 1st row while running (cleared on stop) - quart row + number X
0D ... print registers 3 and 4 on 2nd row while running (set to 'C' on stop) - full row
0E ... print register 3 on 2nd row while running (set to 'C' on stop) - half row + number X
0F ... print register 3 on 2nd row while running (set to 'C' on stop) - quart row + number X
10 ... sign function of X ... beter use INV |x|
11 ... variation
12 ... coefficients of linear regression (y = m*x + b, RegT = m, RegX = b)
13 ... correlation coefficient
14 ... calculate linear regression Y from X (y = m*x + b)
15 ... calculate linear regression X from Y (x = (y - b)/m)
16,17: get memory organization 999.99 (original: 0x17 sets memory organization)
18 ... set flag 7 if no error (or unchanged if error)
19 ... set flag 7 if error (or unchanged if no error)
1A ... print registers 1 and 2 on 1st row while stop - full row
1B ... print register 1 on 1st row while stop - half row + number X
1C ... print register 1 on 1st row while stop - quart row + number X
1D ... set display mode flags + X (default after reset)
1E ... set display mode T + X
1F ... set display mode text + X (reset to default by CLR - to flags or T)
2x ... increment memory register x (0..15) ... only for compatibility, better use Inc instruction
3x ... decrement memory register x (0..15) ... only for compatibility, better use INV Inc instruction
40 ... input key from keyboard into reg. X (0..0xFF, keys are remaped by 2nd, 0xff = no key)
monitor keys (display pressed key code):
Lbl A HEX 0F 0F x<>t Lbl x=t Op 40 x=t x=t Pause GTO x=t
41 ... check if key is pressed, reg. X = key code (not remaped, 0xRC R=row 1..9, C=column 1..5), returns 0 or 1 in X if key is pressed
monitor key (displays 1 while EE is pressed):
Lbl A CP Lbl x=t HEX 5 2 Op 41 x=t x=t Pause GTO x=t
42 ... print character to display, X=character code 0..99, T=position:
0..15 print on 1st row while running (1st row is cleared on program stop)
16..31 print on 2nd row while running (2nd row is set to 'C' on program stop)
32..47 print on 1st row while stop (need to activate Op 0x1F text mode, reset to default mode by CLR)
43 ... load font with index X (0=default characters, 1=column left, 2=column right, 3=lines, 4=pixels)
- pseudo-graphics characters are indexed 91..99
- font is restored to default by CLR
44 ... delay, X = 0..255 multiply of 10 ms
45 ... display progress bar on 1st row if running, from the left, X=0..80
46 ... display progress bar on 2nd row if running, from the left, X=0..80
47 ... display progress bar on 1st row if stop, on right half from left, with text from print register 1 on left half, X=0..40
48 ... display progress bar on 1st row if running, from the right, X=0..80
49 ... display progress bar on 2nd row if running, from the right, X=0..80
4A ... display progress bar on 1st row if stop, on right half from right, with text from print register 1 on left half, X=0..40
4B ... display graph column of value X=0..16 on position T=0..15, while running
4C ... display graph column of value X=0..8 on position T=0..7 on 1st row if stop, on right half, with text from register 1 on left half
4D ... set pixel on coordinate X=0..15 and T=0..5, while running
4E ... reset pixel on coordinate X=0..15 and T=0..5, while running
4F ... flip pixel on coordinate X=0..15 and T=0..5, while running
50 ... find greatest common divisor of two non-zero integer numbers X and T, result into X (Euclidean algorithm)
51 ... get seed of random generator (into X, number 0..4294967295)
52 ... set seed of random generator (from X, number 0..4294967295)
53 ... load predefined text with index X into X, in editable form (add 00 to shift to the left) (0=OK, 1=ERROR,...)
Decimal places x.N = shift text by N positions to the left.
54 ... add text of integer number from T to end of X
Op 55 .. Op 6F: complex numbers and fraction numbers a/b
- complex/fraction numbers are stored in the stack in memory registers (stack can be defined)
- reg T = real part (or numerator 'a'), reg X = imaginary part (or denominator 'b')
- polar number: reg T = modulus, reg X = angle in radiands
- for operations: first entered number (pre-top) is X, last entered (top) is Y
- To view complex/fraction number, set Op 1E (1st row = reg. T = real part or numerator 'a',
2nd row = reg. X = imaginary part or denominator 'b')
- To convert complex number to polar coordinates, use R->P (X angle, T radius), P->R back
55 ... initialize stack of complex/fraction numbers: reg X = number of complex/fraction numbers,
reg T = first memory register (number of memory registers = number of complex/fraction numbers * 2)
Default: 10 complex/fraction numbers in registers R10..R29
56 ... get number of complex/fraction numbers in the stack
57 ... store complex/fraction number to the stack: reg T = real part (or numerator 'a'),
reg X = imaginary part (or denominator 'b')
58 ... load top complex/fraction number from the stack to the X+T, but does not delete it from the stack
59 ... delete top complex/fraction number from the stack
5A ... exchange last two complex/fraction numbers on the stack X<->Y
5B ... duplicate top complex/fraction number on the stack
following operations are only for complex numbers (not for fraction numbers):
5C ... add complex numbers X + Y (delete Y)
5D ... subtract complex numbers X - Y (delete Y)
5E ... multiply complex numbers X * Y (delete Y)
5F ... divide complex numbers X / Y (delete Y)
60 ... power complex numbers X ^ Y (delete Y)
61 ... power root complex numbers X ^ 1/Y (delete Y)
62 ... logarithm X with base Y log_Y(X) (delete Y)
63 ... square of complex number X^2
64 ... square root of complex number VX
65 ... reciprocal value of complex number 1/X
66 ... exponent of complex number e^X
67 ... logarithm of complex number ln(X)
68 ... sinus of complex number sin(X)
69 ... cosinus of complex number cos(X)
6A ... tangent of complex number tan(X)
6B ... arcus sinus of complex number asin(X)
6C ... arcus cosinus of complex number acos(X)
6D ... arcus tangent of complex number atan(X)
6E ... convert complex number to polar number
6F ... convert polar number to complex number
70 ... search zero cross of user function A' (X=start x, T=end x, returns X new cross, or error)
71 ... Simpson's integral of user function A' (HIR H1=lower limit x0, HIR H2=upper limit xn, HIR H3=number of steps n)
72 ... convert angle from current unit into radians
73 ... convert angle from radians into current unit
74 ... standard normal distribution - probability density Z(x) ... range x = -150..+150
75 ... complementary Gaussian distribution function - upper cumulative Q(x) (CGD, Q-function) ... range x = -8..+8
76 ... cumulative normal distribution function - lower cumulative P(x) (CND, CDF) ... range x = -8..+8
77 ... max - compare X and T and set X to greater value
78 ... min - compare X and T and set X to lower value
79 ... clear all HIR registers
Op 7A .. Op 7F: fraction numbers a/b (and Op 55..5B, too)
- reg. T = numerator 'a' (number above a line), reg. X = denominator 'b' (number below a line)
7A ... convert decimal number in X to fraction number in T/X (a/b)
7B ... convert fraction number in T/X (a/b) to decimal number in X
7C ... add fraction numbers X + Y (delete Y)
7D ... subtract fraction numbers X - Y (delete Y)
7E ... multiply fraction numbers X * Y (delete Y)
7F ... divide fraction numbers X / Y (delete Y)
80 ... short delay 10 msec (0.01 sec)
81 ... short delay 100 msec (0.1 sec)
82 ... cut hidden digits (similar to EE INV EE)
83 ... start measure time
84 ... get elapsed time (granularity 0.01 sec, max. 655 seconds = 10.9 minutes)
85 ... get number of data registers (= max. register + 1)
86 ... get state of all user flags as 16-bit number (range 0..65535)
87 ... get CRC (16-bit word XModem) of program ROM (returns X = calculated CRC, T = expected CRC)
88 ... set power off time in seconds (min 5 seconds, max. 650 seconds = almost 11 minutes, 0 = off)
89 ... get power off time in seconds
8A ... display calculator firmware version
8B ... do calculator reset (clears RAM: data registers and base initialize)
Deviations:
- Accuracy (coincidence generator varies)
- DSZ rounds the result to a whole number
- = repeats the last calculation
- may not pass equality test after multiple operations (binary number may differ slightly, this is automatically corrected for BCD),
treats with rounding or interval testing
- flag 15 is access to the error flag (display flashing)
Mars Landing: 9x52 43 15 (smooth -3.9)